Overview A vulnerability in the user of hard-coded Platform Keys (PK) within the UEFI framework, known as PKfail, has been discovered. This flaw allows attackers to bypass critical UEFI security mechanisms like Secure Boot, compromising the trust between the platform owner and firmware and enabling manipulation of sensitive system settings. Description The UEFI standard establishes trust relationships using Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) between the platform owner, the platform firmware, and the operating system. Central to this process is the Platform Key (PK), which is designed to secure the connection between the platform owner and the platform firmware. The platform owner… [...]

VU#244112: Multiple SMTP services are susceptible to spoofing attacks due to insufficient enforcement

30 juillet 2024

Overview Multiple hosted, outbound SMTP servers are vulnerable to email impersonation. This allows authenticated users and certain trusted networks to send emails containing spoofed sender information. Two vulnerabilities were identified that reduce the authentication and verification of the sender, provided by the combination of Sender Policy Framework (SPF) and Domain Key Identified Mail (DKIM). Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) builds on SPF and DKIM, adding linkage to the author (FROM:) domain name, published policies for recipient handling of authentication failures, and reporting from receivers to senders to improve and monitor protection of the domain from fraudulent email (DMARC.org).… [...]

VU#312260: Use-after-free vulnerability in lighttpd version 1.4.50 and earlier

9 juillet 2024

Overview A use-after-free vulnerability in lighttpd in versions 1.4.50 and earlier permits a remote, unauthenticated attacker to trigger lighttpd to read from invalid pointers in memory. The attacker can use crafted HTTP Requests to crash the web server and/or leak memory in order to access sensitive data. This vulnerability was fixed in 2018 by the lighttpd project. However, a number of implementations of lighttpd remain vulnerable due to a failure to apply the security updates provided by lighttpd. Description lighttpd is a lightweight web server software that is meant for low resource environments with limited CPU and memory. This open-source… [...]

VU#456537: RADIUS protocol susceptible to forgery attacks.

9 juillet 2024

Overview A vulnerability in the RADIUS protocol allows an attacker allows an attacker to forge an authentication response in cases where a Message-Authenticator attribute is not required or enforced. This vulnerability results from a cryptographically insecure integrity check when validating authentication responses from a RADIUS server. Description RADIUS is a popular lightweight authentication protocol used for networking devices specified in IETF 2058 as early as 1997 (obsoleted by RFC 2138 and then RFC 2865. There have been several other IETF standards (RADIUS/TCP, RADIUS/TLS and RADIUS/DTLS) that cover and enhance various parts of the specification for the use of RADIUS in… [...]

VU#163057: BMC software fails to validate IPMI session.

30 avril 2024

Overview The Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) implementations in multiple manufacturer's Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) software are vulnerable to IPMI session hijacking. An attacker with access to the BMC network (with IPMI enabled) can abuse the lack of session integrity to hijack sessions and execute arbitrary IPMI commands on the BMC. Description IPMI is a computer interface specification that provides a low-level management capability independent of hardware, firmware, or operating system. IPMI is supported by many BMC manufacturers to allow for transparent access to hardware. IPMI also supports pre-boot capabilities of a computer such as selection of boot media and… [...]

VU#238194: R Programming Language implementations are vulnerable to arbitrary code execution during deserialization of .rds and .rdx files

29 avril 2024

Overview A vulnerability in the R language that allows for arbitrary code to be executed directly after the deserialization of untrusted data has been discovered. This vulnerability can be exploited through RDS (R Data Serialization) format files and .rdx files. An attacker can create malicious RDS or .rdx formatted files to execute arbitrary commands on the victim's target device. Description R supports data serialization, which is the process of turning R objects and data into a format that can then be deserialized in another R session. This will provide a copy of the R objects from the original session. The… [...]

VU#253266: Keras 2 Lambda Layers Allow Arbitrary Code Injection in TensorFlow Models

16 avril 2024

Overview Lambda Layers in third party TensorFlow-based Keras models allow attackers to inject arbitrary code into versions built prior to Keras 2.13 that may then unsafely run with the same permissions as the running application. For example, an attacker could use this feature to trojanize a popular model, save it, and redistribute it, tainting the supply chain of dependent AI/ML applications. Description TensorFlow is a widely-used open-source software library for building machine learning and artificial intelligence applications. The Keras framework, implemented in Python, is a high-level interface to TensorFlow that provides a wide variety of features for the design, training,… [...]

VU#123335: Multiple programming languages fail to escape arguments properly in Microsoft Windows

10 avril 2024

Overview Various programming languages lack proper validation mechanisms for commands and in some cases also fail to escape arguments correctly when invoking commands within a Microsoft Windows environment. The command injection vulnerability in these programming languages, when running on Windows, allows attackers to execute arbitrary code disguised as arguments to the command. This vulnerability may also affect the application that executes commands without specifying the file extension. Description Programming languages typically provide a way to execute commands (for e.g., os/exec in Golang) on the operating system to facilitate interaction with the OS. Typically, the programming languages also allow for passing… [...]

VU#155143: Linux kernel on Intel systems is susceptible to Spectre v2 attacks

9 avril 2024

Overview A new cross-privilege Spectre v2 vulnerability that impacts modern CPU architectures supporting speculative execution has been discovered. CPU hardware utilizing speculative execution that are vulnerable to Spectre v2 branch history injection (BHI) are likely affected. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to leak privileged memory from the CPU by speculatively jumping to a chosen gadget. Current research shows that existing mitigation techniques of disabling privileged eBPF and enabling (Fine)IBT are insufficient in stopping BHI exploitation against the kernel/hypervisor. Description Speculative execution is an optimization technique in which a computer system performs some task preemptively to improve performance and… [...]

VU#421644: HTTP/2 CONTINUATION frames can be utilized for DoS attacks

3 avril 2024

Overview HTTP allows messages to include named fields in both header and trailer sections. These header and trailer fields are serialised as field blocks in HTTP/2, so that they can be transmitted in multiple fragments to the target implementation. Many HTTP/2 implementations do not properly limit or sanitize the amount of CONTINUATION frames sent within a single stream. An attacker that can send packets to a target server can send a stream of CONTINUATION frames that will not be appended to the header list in memory but will still be processed and decoded by the server or will be appended… [...]